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1 Ready Reserve of the Armed Forces
Military: RRAFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Ready Reserve of the Armed Forces
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2 Standby Reserve of the Armed Forces
Military: SRAFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Standby Reserve of the Armed Forces
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3 резерв сил
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4 резерв сил
Politics: reserve of the forces -
5 subsidium
subsĭdĭum, ii, n. [subsideo].I.Milit. t. t.A.Orig., the troops stationed in reserve in the third line of battle (behind the principes), the line of reserve, reserve-ranks, triarii:B.subsidium dicebatur, quando milites subsidebant in extremā acie labentique aciei succurrebant. Quod genus militum constabat ex iis, qui emeruerant stipendia, locum tamen retinebant in exercitu: quae erat tertia acies triariorum,
Fest. p. 306 Müll.; cf.:subsidium, quod postpositum est ad subveniendum laborantibus,
id. p. 223 ib.:triarii quoque dicti, quod in acie tertio ordine extremis subsidio deponebantur: quod hi subsidebant, ab eo subsidium dictum,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 ib. (very rare):subsidia et secundam aciem adortus,
Liv. 4, 28:jaculatores fugerunt inter subsidia ad secundam aciem,
id. 21, 46:impulsa frons prima et trepidatio subsidiis illata,
id. 6, 13:in subsidiis pugnacissimas locaverunt gentes,
Curt. 3, 9, 3:in subsidiis positi,
id. 4, 13, 28.—A body of reserve, an auxiliary corps, auxiliary forces, etc. (class.; syn.: suppetiae, auxilium): duae cohortes de subsidio procedunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 363, 18:C.rem esse in angusto vidit, neque ullum esse subsidium, quod submitti posset,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25:neque certa subsidia collocari poterant,
id. ib. 2, 22:cohortes veteranas in fronte, post eas ceterum exercitum in subsidiis locat,
stationed as a reserve, Sall. C. 59, 5.—Abstr., support in battle, aid, help, relief, succor, assistance:II. (α).cum alius alii subsidium ferrent,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26:funditores Baleares subsidio oppidanis mittit,
id. ib. 2, 7:missi in subsidium equites,
Tac. A. 12, 55:Italiae subsidio proficisci,
Caes. B. C. 3, 78; cf. Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:integros subsidio adducit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 87:subsidio venire,
Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1:commune in Germanos Gallosque subsidium, octo legiones erant,
Tac. A. 4, 5.—Sing.:(β).abi quaerere, ubi jurando tuo satis sit subsidii,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 26:mihi hoc subsidium (sc. juris interpretationem) jam inde ab adulescentia comparavi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 45 199; cf.: ut illud subsidium (sc. bibliothe [p. 1782] cam) senectuti parem, id. Att. 12, 3, 52:subsidium bellissimum existimo senectuti otium,
id. de Or. 1, 60, 255; cf. id. Quint. 1, 4:sine talium virorum subsidio resistere,
id. Clu. 1, 3:his difficultatibus duae res erant subsidio,
Caes. B. G. 2, 20:fidissimum annonae subsidium,
Liv. 27, 5:aurum ad subsidium fortunae relictum,
id. 22, 32:non aliud subsidium quam misericordia Caesaris fuit,
Tac. A. 2, 63:nec tibi subsidio sit praesens numen,
Ov. Ib. 285.—Plur.:industriae subsidia,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:frumentaria subsidia rei publicae,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:sibi subsidia ad omnes vitae status parare,
id. Fam. 9, 6, 4:his ego subsidiis ea sum consecutus,
id. ib. 15, 4, 14; Suet. Calig. 12:ad omnes casus subsidia comparare,
to prepare resources, make provision, Caes. B. G. 4, 31:mare circa Capreas importuosum et vix modicis navigiis pauca subsidia,
Tac. A. 4, 67. -
6 ejército
m.1 army, armed forces, soldiers, battalion.2 legion.3 legion, army.* * *1 army\ejército de tierra armyejército del aire air force* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (Mil) armylos tres ejércitos — the forces, the Services
2) (=multitud) army* * *masculino army* * *masculino army* * *el ejército= army, the [armies, pl.], military, the.Ex: Of considerable value is documentation produced by the all-Russian Bureau of Military Organisations which reflects the transformation of the army into an active revolutionary force.
Ex: This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..* alistar en el ejército = join + the army.* ejército del aire = Army Air Force, Air Force.* ejército de reserva = reserve army.* Ejército de Salvación, el = Salvation Army, the.* ejército de tierra, el = army, the [armies, pl.].* ejército profesional = professional army.* ejército profesional, el = regular army, the.* ejército regular, el = regular army, the.* oficial del ejército = army official, army officer.* un ejército de = an army of.* * *1 ( Mil) armyalistarse en el ejército to join up, enlist, join the army2 (multitud) armyun ejército de periodistas an army of reportersCompuestos:air forcearmyregular army* * *
Del verbo ejercitar: ( conjugate ejercitar)
ejercito es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
ejercitó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
ejercitar
ejército
ejercitar ( conjugate ejercitar) verbo transitivo
1 ‹músculo/dedos/memoria› to exercise
2 ‹ caballos› to train;
‹ tropa› to drill, train;
‹ alumnos› to train
ejército sustantivo masculino
army;
ejército de tierra army
ejercitar verbo transitivo
1 (una habilidad, virtud) to exercise: ejercitó sus dotes culinarias, he put his culinary skills to use
2 (practicar, entrenar) to train
3 (ejercer) to practise
ejército sustantivo masculino army
' ejército' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
baja
- dictado
- ejercitar
- milicia
- motín
- ocupante
- prófuga
- prófugo
- ración
- regular
- ronda
- sección
- sofocar
- superior
- vencedor
- vencedora
- agresor
- alistarse
- amotinado
- asediar
- capitán
- chequeo
- comandante
- combatir
- conquistador
- coronel
- defensor
- derrotado
- derrotar
- entrar
- escuadra
- ingresar
- ingreso
- invadir
- motorizado
- puesto
- rebelde
- repartición
- resistir
- retirar
- retroceder
- retroceso
- sargento
- teniente
- triunfador
- tropa
- vencer
- vencido
English:
army
- chuck out
- defeat
- deploy
- discharge
- dishonorable
- dishonourable
- dodger
- feign
- in
- IRA
- join
- military
- mobilize
- name
- pass off
- regular army
- Salvation Army
- serve
- standing
- Territorial Army
- commission
- paratrooper
- salvation
- senior
- stint
- strong
- trained
- USA
* * *ejército nm1. [fuerzas armadas] army;alistarse en el ejército to join the army, to enlist (in the army)Ejército del Aire Air Force;ejército profesional professional army;ejército regular regular army;Hist el Ejército Rojo [en Rusia] the Red Army;el Ejército de Salvación the Salvation Army;Ejército de Tierra army [as opposed to navy and air force];Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional Zapatista Army of National Liberation2. [grupo numeroso] army;un ejército de admiradoras an army o a host of admirers* * *m army* * *ejército nm: army* * * -
7 боеготовый резерв ВС
Military: Ready Reserve of the Armed ForcesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > боеготовый резерв ВС
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8 резерв ВС второй очереди
Military: Standby Reserve of the Armed ForcesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > резерв ВС второй очереди
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9 резерв ВС первой очереди
Military: Ready Reserve of the Armed ForcesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > резерв ВС первой очереди
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10 Bundesheer
n; nur Sg. (Austrian) armed forces Pl.* * *Bụn|des|heernt (Aus)services pl, army, (federal) armed forces* * *Bun·des·heernt ÖSTERR Austrian Armed Forces* * *The Bundesheer is the Austrian federal army, which ensures the country's neutrality. All 18-year-old Austrian males must serve for a compulsory six months, plus two further months reserve duty at later dates. Conscientious objectors do public service. No foreign military bases are allowed on Austrian territory* * ** * *The Bundesheer is the Austrian federal army, which ensures the country's neutrality. All 18-year-old Austrian males must serve for a compulsory six months, plus two further months reserve duty at later dates. Conscientious objectors do public service. No foreign military bases are allowed on Austrian territory* * *n.armed forces n. -
11 fondo
m.1 bottom.doble fondo false bottomsin fondo bottomlesssu popularidad ha tocado fondo their popularity has reached an all-time low o rock bottom2 back.3 depth.tener un metro de fondo to be one meter deep4 background.sobre fondo negro on a black backgroundal fondo in the background5 heart, bottom.llegar al fondo de to get to the heart o bottom ofel problema de fondo the underlying problemla cuestión de fondo the fundamental issue6 fund (finance) (de dinero).a fondo perdido non-returnablerecaudar fondos to raise fundsfondo de amortización sinking fundfondo de comercio goodwillfondo común kittyfondo de garantía de depósito deposit guarantee fundfondo de inversión investment fundfondo Monetario Internacional International Monetary Fundfondo de pensiones pension fundfondos reservados = contingency funds available to ministries, for which they do not have to account publicly7 catalog, collection.fondo editorial backlist8 reason, basis (fundamento).9 substance.10 stamina (sport) (resistencia).de fondo long-distancede medio fondo middle-distance11 petticoat (combinación). (Colombian Spanish, Mexican Spanish)12 core, root, bottom.13 bed, lowest part.* * *1 (parte más baja) bottom2 (parte más lejana) end, back3 (segundo término) background4 (profundidad) depth5 (aguante) stamina6 FINANZAS fund7 (de libros etc) stock\a fondo perdido nonrecoverable, nonreturnablede... en fondo... abreasten el fondo figurado deep down, at heartreunir fondos to raise fundsfondo común kittyfondo de inversión investment fundfondo de pensiones pension fundFondo Monetario Internacional International Monetary Fundfondo del mar sea bedfondo y forma form and substancefondos bloqueados frozen assetsfondos disponibles available funds, liquid assetsfondos públicos public funds* * *noun m.1) bottom2) back, rear3) background4) fund* * *SM1) [parte inferior] [de caja, botella, lago, mar] bottom; [de río] bed•
los bajos fondos — the underworld•
una maletín con doble fondo — a case with a false bottom, a false-bottomed case•
irse al fondo — to sink to the bottom•
sin fondo — bottomlessla economía tocó fondo y el gobierno tuvo que devaluar la moneda — the economy reached o hit rock bottom and the government had to devalue the currency
hemos tocado fondo y todo indica que la recuperación está muy próxima — the market has bottomed out and all the indications are that a recovery is just around the corner
2) [parte posterior] [de pasillo, calle, nave] end; [de habitación, armario] back•
al fondo, su oficina está al fondo a la izquierda — her office is at the end on the left3) (=profundidad) [de cajón, edificio, bañera] depth¿cuánto tiene de fondo el armario? — how deep is the wardrobe?
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tener mucho fondo — to be deep4) (=lo fundamental)en el fondo de esta polémica late el miedo al cambio — at the heart o bottom of this controversy lies a fear of change
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la cuestión de fondo — the basic o fundamental issueel problema de fondo — the basic o fundamental o underlying problem
•
la forma y el fondo — form and contentartículo 2)•
llegar al fondo de la cuestión — to get to the bottom of the matter5) (=segundo plano) backgroundla historia transcurre sobre un fondo de creciente inquietud social — the story takes place against a background of growing social unrest
•
música de fondo — background music•
ruido de fondo — background noisefondo de escritorio, fondo de pantalla — (Inform) (desktop) wallpaper
6)•
a fondo —a) [como adj]•
una limpieza a fondo — a thorough cleanb) [como adv]no conoce a fondo la situación del país — he does not have a thorough o an in-depth knowledge of the country's situation
la policía investigará a fondo lo ocurrido — the police will conduct a thorough investigation of what happened
he estudiado a fondo a los escritores del Siglo de Oro — I have studied Golden Age writers in great depth
•
emplearse a fondo, tuvo que emplearse a fondo para disuadirlos — he had to use all his skill to dissuade themel equipo deberá emplearse a fondo para derrotar a sus adversarios — the team will have to draw on all its resources to beat their opponents
7)•
en el fondo —a) (=en nuestro interior) deep downen el fondo, es buena persona — deep down he's a good person, he's a good person at heart
•
en el fondo de su corazón — in his heart of hearts, deep downb) (=en realidad) reallylo que se debatirá en la reunión, en el fondo, es el futuro de la empresa — what is actually o really going to be debated in the meeting is the future of the company
la verdad es que en el fondo, no tengo ganas — to be honest, I really don't feel like it
en el fondo no quiere irse — when it comes down to it, he doesn't want to leave
c) (=en lo fundamental) fundamentally, essentiallyen el fondo ambos sistemas son muy parecidos — fundamentally o essentially, both systems are very similar
8) (Dep)•
carrera de fondo — long-distance race•
esquí de fondo — cross-country skiing•
corredor de medio fondo — middle-distance runner•
pruebas de medio fondo — middle-distance events9) (=dinero) (Com, Econ) fund; [en póker, entre amigos] pot, kittycontamos con un fondo de 150.000 euros para becas — we have at our disposal a budget of 150,000 euros for grants
su padre le ha prestado bastante dinero a fondo perdido — his father has given him quite a lot of money on permanent loan
Fondo de Compensación Interterritorial — system of financial redistribution between the autonomous regions of Spain
fondo ético — (Econ) ethical investment fund
10) pl fondos (=dinero) funds•
recaudar fondos — to raise funds•
estar sin fondos — to be out of funds, be broke *cheque o talón sin fondos — bounced cheque, rubber check (EEUU)
11) (=reserva) [de biblioteca, archivo, museo] collection12) (=carácter) nature, dispositionde fondo jovial — of cheery o cheerful disposition, cheerful-natured
13) (Dep) (=resistencia) stamina15) Méx•
con o de fondo — serious•
medio fondo — slip17) And (=finca) country estate18) Chile (Culin) large pot ( to feed a large number of people)* * *1)a) ( parte más baja) bottomb) (parte de atrás - de pasillo, calle) end; (- de habitación) backestaban al or en el fondo de la sala — they were at the back of the room
c) ( profundidad)d) ( de edificio) depthe) (en cuadro, fotografía) background2)a) (Lit) ( contenido) contentb) (Der)3) (Fin)a) ( de dinero) fundhacer un fondo común — to start a joint fund o (colloq) a kitty
un cheque sin fondos — a dud o (AmE) rubber check (colloq)
estoy mal de fondos — (fam) I'm short of cash (colloq)
c)a fondo perdido — <inversión/préstamo> non-refundable, non-recoverable
4) (Dep) ( en atletismo)de fondo — <corredor/carrera/prueba> long-distance
5) (de biblioteca, museo) collection6) (Méx) (Indum) slip, underskirt7) (en locs)a fondo — (loc adj) <estudio/investigación> in-depth; (loc adv) <prepararse/entrenar> thoroughly
conoce el área/tema a fondo — she knows the area/subject really well
de fondo — <ruido/música> background (before n); <error/discrepancia> fundamental
en el fondo: en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad person; en el fondo nos llevamos bien we get on all right, really; fondo blanco! (AmL fam) bottoms up! (colloq); tener buen fondo to be a good person at heart; tocar fondo to bottom out; su credibilidad ha tocado fondo — his credibility has hit o reached rock bottom
* * *1)a) ( parte más baja) bottomb) (parte de atrás - de pasillo, calle) end; (- de habitación) backestaban al or en el fondo de la sala — they were at the back of the room
c) ( profundidad)d) ( de edificio) depthe) (en cuadro, fotografía) background2)a) (Lit) ( contenido) contentb) (Der)3) (Fin)a) ( de dinero) fundhacer un fondo común — to start a joint fund o (colloq) a kitty
un cheque sin fondos — a dud o (AmE) rubber check (colloq)
estoy mal de fondos — (fam) I'm short of cash (colloq)
c)a fondo perdido — <inversión/préstamo> non-refundable, non-recoverable
4) (Dep) ( en atletismo)de fondo — <corredor/carrera/prueba> long-distance
5) (de biblioteca, museo) collection6) (Méx) (Indum) slip, underskirt7) (en locs)a fondo — (loc adj) <estudio/investigación> in-depth; (loc adv) <prepararse/entrenar> thoroughly
conoce el área/tema a fondo — she knows the area/subject really well
de fondo — <ruido/música> background (before n); <error/discrepancia> fundamental
en el fondo: en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad person; en el fondo nos llevamos bien we get on all right, really; fondo blanco! (AmL fam) bottoms up! (colloq); tener buen fondo to be a good person at heart; tocar fondo to bottom out; su credibilidad ha tocado fondo — his credibility has hit o reached rock bottom
* * *fondo11 = background, backing, quid, crux, fundus.Ex: In the background has often been the need, at a time of declining financial resources, to demonstrate the relevance of the library to all sectors of society and there can sometimes be detected an element of patronization.
Ex: A picture is a two-dimensional visual representation accessible to the naked eye and generally on an opaque backing.Ex: The important moral crux at the heart of the novel 'The debt collector' is that the odds are stacked against the rehabilitation of violent criminals.Ex: The crux of the process is the development of multiple models.Ex: This is an extremely valuable clinical test that provides information about the circulatory system of the ocular fundus (the back of the eye) not attainable by routine examination.* a fondo = fully, thoroughly, full-scale.* al fondo (de) = at the bottom (of).* artículo de fondo = feature article.* corredor de fondo = long-distance runner.* en el fondo = at heart, deep down, in the back of + Posesivo + mind, in the back of + Posesivo + head, at the back of + Posesivo + head, bottom line, the, in the bottom.* en el fondo de = at the root of.* esquiador de fondo = cross-country skier.* esquí de fondo = cross-country skiing.* fondo del mar = sea bottom, seafloor [sea floor], ocean floor, seabed [sea bed].* fondo del océano = ocean bed, ocean floor.* fondo marino = deep-sea floor.* forma de doble fondo = double-faced mould.* forma de un solo fondo = single-faced mould.* forma de un solo fondo para papel verjurado = single-faced laid mould.* limpiar a fondo = spring-clean, clear out.* limpieza a fondo = spring cleaning.* llegar al fondo de la cuestión = see to the + bottom of things.* llegar al fondo de una Cuestión = get to + the bottom of, get to + the root of.* mar de fondo = groundswell.* material de fondo = backing.* movimiento de fondo = groundswell.* negro sobre fondo blanco = black on white.* pez de fondo = groundfish, bottom fish.* pozo sin fondo = bottomless pit.* ruido de fondo = background noise.* servir de telón de fondo = set + the backdrop.* sin fondo = bottomless.* telón de fondo = background, backdrop.* teniendo como telón de fondo = against + background of.* teniendo esto como telón de fondo = against this background.* tocar fondo = bottom out, hit + rock-bottom, reach + rock-bottom, touch + rock bottom, strike + bottom.fondo33 = backlist, stock, collection, stocking.Ex: They not only provide detailed information about new books and those soon to be published, but also continue to list all of their books still in print (frequently called a ' backlist').
Ex: Consider, for example, the work of the shoe shop manager and the way he arranges his stock of shoes.Ex: While there are a profusion of techniques in existence to gain access to the collections, there is no uniform system.Ex: Because of the lack of stocking space, there are many products that we can order for next day pick-up.* colección de fondos electrónicos = e-collection [electronic collection].* colección de fondos locales = local history collection, local collection.* con suficientes fondos = properly stocked.* consultar los fondos = search + holdings.* dotar de fondos a una biblioteca = stock + library.* exceso de fondos = overstock.* expurgo de fondos bibliográficos = collection weeding, stock weeding.* fondo antiguo = antiquarian materials.* fondo bibliográfico = bookstock [book stock].* fondo circulante = circulating collection.* fondo de acceso restringido = reserve collection.* fondo de consulta en sala = reserve reading collection, reserve collection, reserve shelves, special reserve, reserve book room.* fondo de lectura "formativo-recreativa" = browser collection.* fondo de préstamo por horas = short-loan collection.* fondo de recursos electrónicos de acceso restringido = electronic reserve.* fondo de registros bibliográficos = bibliographic pool, bibliographic record pool.* fondo de revistas = periodical holdings.* fondo documental = document collection.* fondo local = local material.* fondos bibliográficos = holdings, stock.* fondos de acceso libre = open stacks.* fondos de acceso restringido = closed access collection, closed stacks, closed access stacks.* fondos de la biblioteca = library's stock, library materials.* fondos de libre acceso = open access stacks.* fondos de material audiovisual = AV holdings.* fondos de publicaciones periódicas = serial holdings.* fondos de revistas = journal holdings.* fondos indioamericanos = American Indian materials.* fondos integrados = integrated stock.* fondos locales = local history material.* fondos patrimoniales = heritage collection.* ingresar en los fondos = accession.* mención de fondos = holdings statement.* provisto de buenos fondos = stockholding.* renovación de fondos = turnover, stock turnover, turnover of stock.* renovar fondos = turn over.* replanteamiento de los fondos = stock revision.* sección de fondos locales = local studies department, local studies library, local studies collection.* sección para el fondo de consulta en sala = reserve room.* selección de fondos = stock selection.* * *A1 (parte más baja) bottomel fondo del mar the bottom of the seael fondo de la cacerola/bolsa the bottom of the saucepan/bages muy profundo, no consigo tocar fondo it's very deep, I can't touch the bottomen el fondo de su corazón deep down (in his heart)tenemos que llegar al fondo de esta cuestión we must get to the bottom of this matterhay un fondo de verdad en esa historia there is an element of truth in that storyhay en él un fondo de maldad there's a streak of maliciousness in him2 (de un pasillo, una calle) end; (de una habitación) backal fondo, a la derecha at the end, on the rightsiga hasta el fondo del pasillo go to the end of the corridoryo vivo justo al fondo de la calle I live right at the end of the streetencontró la carta al fondo del cajón he found the letter at the back of the drawerestaban sentados al or en el fondo de la sala they were sitting at the back of the room3(profundidad): esta piscina tiene poco fondo this pool is not very deep o is quite shallownecesito un cajón con más fondo I need a deeper drawer4 (de un edificio) depthel edificio tiene poca fachada pero mucho fondo the building has a narrow frontage but it goes back a long way5 (en un cuadro, una fotografía) backgroundestampado blanco sobre fondo gris white print on gray backgroundCompuesto:( Inf) wallpaperB1 ( Lit) (contenido) contentel fondo y la forma de una novela the form and content of a novel2 ( Der):una cuestión de fondo a question of lawC ( Fin)1 (de dinero) fundun fondo para las víctimas del siniestro a fund for the disaster victimstenemos un fondo común para estas cosas we have a joint fund o ( colloq) a kitty for these thingsrecaudar fondos to raise moneyreunió los fondos para la operación he raised the funds o money for the operationno dispone de fondos suficientes en la cuenta he does not have sufficient funds o money in his accountme dio un cheque sin fondos the check he gave me bounced, he gave me a dud check, the bank would not honor the check he gave me ( frml)el departamento no dispone de fondos para este fin the department does not have funds o money available for this purposelos fondos están bloqueados the funds have been frozen3a fondo perdido ‹inversión/préstamo› non-refundable, non-recoverablelo que pagas de alquiler es dinero a fondo perdido the money you spend on rent is money wasted o ( colloq) money down the drainCompuestos:sinking fundventure capital fundventure capital fundgoodwill( Fin) fund of fundsdeposit guarantee fundstrike fundinvestment fundReal Estate Investment Trust, REIThedge fundresearch fundpension fundprovident fundslush fundfighting fundtracker fund(UE) Cohesion Fund(UE) European Development Fund(UE) European Regional Development Fund(UE) European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee FundInternational Monetary Fund, IMF(UE) European Social Fundmpl public funds (pl)mpl secret funds (pl)D ( Dep)1(en atletismo): de fondo ‹corredor/carrera/prueba› long-distance2 (en gimnasia) push-up, press-up ( BrE)E (de una biblioteca, un museo) collectionCompuesto:list (of titles)F (de una alcachofa) heartH ( en locs):( loc adv) ‹prepararse/entrenar› thoroughlyesto necesita una limpieza a fondo this needs a thorough cleanuna reforma a fondo de las instituciones a sweeping reform of the institutionsestudiar a fondo un problema to study a problem in depthlos próximos días deben ser aprovechados a fondo you/we must make full use of the next few days, you/we must use the next few days to the full‹error/discrepancia› fundamental maquillajede cuatro en fondo four abreasten el fondo: en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad persondiscutimos mucho, pero en el fondo nos llevamos bien we quarrel a lot but basically we get on all right o but we get on all right, reallytener buen fondoor no tener mal fondo to be a good person at heart, to have one's heart in the right placetocar fondo: en el mes de abril el precio tocó fondo in April the price bottomed outya hemos tocado fondo y las cosas empiezan a ir mejor we seem to be past the worst now and things are beginning to go bettersu credibilidad ha tocado fondo his credibility has hit o reached rock bottomme voy a tener que volver porque ya estoy tocando fondo I'm going to have to go back because I'm down to my last few dollars ( o pesos etc)I ( Chi) (olla grande) cauldron, large pot* * *
fondo sustantivo masculino
1
llegaré al fondo de esta cuestión I'll get to the bottom of this matter
(— de habitación) back;
c) ( profundidad):
2 (Lit) ( contenido) content
3 (Fin)
◊ hacer un fondo común to start a joint fund o (colloq) a kittyb)
recaudar fondos to raise money;
un cheque sin fondos a dud o (AmE) rubber check (colloq)
4 (Dep) ( en atletismo):
5 (Méx) (Indum) slip, underskirt
6 ( en locs)
‹ limpieza› thorough;
( loc adv) ‹prepararse/entrenar› thoroughly;
de fondo ‹ruido/música› background ( before n);
en el fondo: en el fondo nos llevamos bien we get on all right, really;
en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad person
fondo sustantivo masculino
1 (parte más profunda) bottom
un doble fondo, a false bottom
2 (interior de una persona) en el fondo es muy tierno, deep down he's very gentle
3 (extremo opuesto) (de una habitación) back
(de un pasillo) end
4 (segundo plano) background
música de fondo, background music
mujer sobre fondo rojo, woman on a red background
5 (núcleo, meollo) essence, core
el fondo del asunto, the core of the matter
6 Prensa artículo de fondo, leading article
7 Dep corredor de fondo, long-distance runner
esquí de fondo, cross-country skiing
8 Fin fund: nos dio un cheque sin fondos, he gave us a bad cheque
familiar fondo común, kitty 9 bajos fondos, underworld
10 (conjunto de documentos, libros etc.) batch: los fondos documentales están en el sótano, the batches of documents are in the basement
♦ Locuciones: tocar fondo, Náut to touch bottom
figurado to reach rock bottom
a fondo, thoroughly
a fondo perdido, non-recoverable funds
' fondo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
esquí
- F.M.I.
- FMI
- FSE
- lecho
- revolverse
- sentar
- telón
- artículo
- barril
- bien
- carrera
- corredor
- crear
- cuestión
- doble
- maquillaje
- mar
English:
back
- backdrop
- background
- bed
- blunder
- board
- bottom
- bottom out
- bottomless
- clean out
- clear out
- cross-country
- dappled
- depth
- end
- extensive
- floor
- fund
- going-over
- groundswell
- heart
- IMF
- inch
- International Monetary Fund
- kitty
- long-distance
- mutual fund
- pool
- scrub down
- seabed
- sink
- spring-clean
- stuff away
- thoroughly
- thrash out
- underneath
- unit trust
- abreast
- clean
- closely
- deep
- deeply
- disaster
- float
- full
- further
- good
- heavy
- in-depth
- international
* * *fondo nm1. [parte inferior] bottom;el fondo del mar the bottom of the sea;fondos [de embarcación] bottom;dar fondo [embarcación] to drop anchor;echar a fondo [embarcación] to sink;irse a fondo [embarcación] to sink, to founder;sin fondo bottomless;RP Fam¡fondo blanco! bottoms up!;tocar fondo [embarcación] to hit the bottom (of the sea/river);[crisis] to bottom out;su popularidad ha tocado fondo their popularity has reached an all-time low o rock bottom;mi paciencia ha tocado fondo my patience has reached its limit2. [de habitación, escenario] back;al fondo de [calle, pasillo] at the end of;[sala] at the back of;el fondo de la pista the back of the court;los baños están al fondo del pasillo, a la derecha the toilets are at the end of the corridor, on the right3. [dimensión] depth;un río de poco fondo a shallow river;tener un metro de fondo to be one metre deep4. [de cuadro, foto, tela] background;quiero una tela de flores sobre fondo negro I'd like some material with a pattern of flowers on a black background;al fondo in the background5. [de alcachofa] heart6. [de asunto, problema] heart, bottom;el problema de fondo the underlying problem;la cuestión de fondo the fundamental issue;llegar al fondo de to get to the heart o bottom of;el gobierno quiere llegar al fondo de la cuestión the government wants to get to the bottom of the matter;en el fondo [en lo más íntimo] deep down;[en lo esencial] basically;en el fondo está enamorada de él deep down, she loves him;en el fondo, no es mala persona deep down, she's not a bad person;en el fondo tus problemas son los mismos basically, you have the same problems8. [de obra literaria] substance9. [de dinero] fund;a fondo perdido [préstamo] non-returnable;no estamos dispuestos a invertir a fondo perdido we're not prepared to pour money down the drain;fondos [capital] funds;nos hemos quedado sin fondos our funds have run out;un cheque sin fondos a bad cheque;estar mal de fondos [persona] to be badly off;[empresa] to be short of funds;recaudar fondos to raise fundsEcon fondo de amortización sinking fund;fondos bloqueados frozen funds;fondo de cohesión cohesion fund;Fin fondo de comercio goodwill;fondo de compensación interterritorial interterritorial compensation fund;fondo común kitty;poner un fondo (común) to set up a kitty;Fin fondo de crédito permanente evergreen fund;fondo de emergencia contingency fund;UE fondos estructurales structural funds; Fin fondo ético ethical fund; UE Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo European Development Fund; UE Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional European Regional Development Fund;fondo de fideicomiso trust fund;Fin fondo de garantía de depósitos deposit guarantee fund; Fin fondo de inversión investment fund; Fin fondo de inversión ético ethical investment fund;fondo de inversión inmobiliaria real estate investment fund;Fondo Monetario Internacional International Monetary Fund;Fondo Mundial para la Naturaleza World Wildlife Fund;Econ fondo de pensiones pension fund;fondos públicos public funds;Fin fondo de renta fija non-equity fund, bond fund; Fin fondo de renta variable equity fund;fondos reservados = contingency funds available to ministries, for which they do not have to account publicly;Fin fondo rotativo revolving fund; UE Fondo Social Europeo European Social Fund;fondo vitalicio life annuity10. [fundamento] reason, basis;sus acciones tienen siempre un fondo humanitario everything she does is for humanitarian reasons11.hacer algo a fondo [en profundidad] to do sth thoroughly;hicimos una lectura a fondo we read it through carefully;hacer una limpieza a fondo to have a thorough clean;el juez ha ordenado una investigación a fondo the judge has ordered a full enquiry o an in-depth investigation;emplearse a fondo to do one's utmost12. [de biblioteca, archivo] catalogue, collectionfondo editorial backlistmedio fondo middle-distance running;carrera de fondo long-distance race;esquí de fondo cross-country skiing;de medio fondo middle-distancefondo en carretera [ciclismo] road racing16. Carib, Méx [prenda] petticoat18. RP [patio] back patio* * *m1 bottom;doble fondo false bottom;fondo marino seabed;tocar fondo fig reach bottom;los bajos fondos the underworld sg2 ( profundidad) depth;hacer una limpieza a fondo de algo give sth a thorough clean, clean sth thoroughly;emplearse a fondo fig give one’s all;ir al fondo de algo look at sth in depth;en el fondo deep down4 PINT, FOT background;música de fondo background music6 COM fund;fondos pl money sg, funds;a fondo perdido non-refundable;sin fondos cheque dud7 DEP:de medio fondo middle distance atr8 ( disposición):tiene buen fondo he’s got a good heart* * *fondo nm1) : bottom2) : rear, back, end3) : depth4) : background5) : sea bed6) : fundfondo de inversiones: investment fund8) fondos nmpl: funds, resourcescheque sin fondos: bounced check9)a fondo : thoroughly, in depthen fondo : abreast* * *fondo n1. (en general) bottom2. (de calle, pasillo) end3. (de habitación) back4. (segundo término) background -
12 армия арми·я
1) (вооружённые силы) army, armed forcesвооружать армию — to equip an army (with arms)
вступить / пойти в армию — to go into / to join the army
оснащать армию — to equip an army (with technical equipment)
действующая армия — army in the field, combat army; field forces амер.
кадровая / регулярная армия — regular army
наёмная армия — army of mercenaries, mercenary army
национально-освободительная армия, — HOA national-liberation army
оккупационная армия — occupation army, army of occupation
регулярная армия — regular / standing army
Советская Армия ист. — the Soviet Army
2) (общество, организация) army -
13 siła
- ły; -ły; dat sg -le; f( moc) strength, power; ( intensywność) intensity, strength; FIZ forcesiła robocza — workforce, labour (BRIT) lub labor (US) force
siła nabywcza — purchasing lub buying power
na siłę — pot by force
* * *I.siła1f.1. ( energia) power, strength; siła nadprzyrodzona supernatural force; siła woli willpower; siły wytwórcze ekon. production forces; siła wyższa prawn. force majeure, act of God; siły przyrody l. natury forces of nature; siłą rzeczy necessarily, perforce; biec ile sił w nogach run as fast as one's legs can carry one; chodzić o własnych siłach walk on one's own; gonić resztkami sił be at the end of one's rope l. tether; leżeć bez sił lie exhausted; spróbować w czymś swoich sił try one's hand at sth; nie mam siły, by mu o tym powiedzieć I can't bring myself to tell him about it; nie czuję się na siłach, by to zrobić this is too much for me, I don't feel fit to do it; ojciec jest już w sile wieku father is already in his prime; opadam z sił my strength is flagging; to zadanie przerasta jego siły this task is beyond his power; ta praca jest ponad moje siły this work is beyond my power.2. ( natężenie) intensity; (argumentów, rozumu, uczucia) force, potency; siła dźwięku muz. volume of sound; siła nabywcza (pieniądza) ekon. purchasing power (of money), buying power (of money).3. ( pracownik) employee, specialist; siła fachowa professional; siła pociągowa (= zwierzęta pociągowe) beast of burden; (tania) siła robocza (cheap) labor force, Br. (cheap) labour force.4. ( grupa społeczna) forces; siły postępu forces of progress; siły demokratyczne forces of democracy.5. fiz. force; siła bezwładności force of inertia; siła ciężkości l. grawitacyjna gravity force, G-force; siła dośrodkowa/odśrodkowa centripetal/centrifugal force; siła tarcia friction force; ramię siły arm of a force.6. wojsk. force; siły lądowe ground l. land forces; siły morskie naval forces; siły powietrzne air force; siły zbrojne armed forces; siły nieprzyjacielskie enemy forces; siły odwodowe reserve forces; siły szturmowe assault forces.7. (= przymus fizyczny) force; używać siły use force.8. wojsk. (= zdolność bojowa) combat capacity.II.siła2num.indecl. przest. much, many; siła złego na jednego too much evil for one man to cope with.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > siła
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14 place
place [plas]feminine nouna. ( = esplanade) square• places assises 20, places debout 40 seating capacity 20, standing passengers 40c. ( = espace) room ; ( = emplacement réservé) space• place aux jeunes ! make way for the younger generation!d. ( = billet) seat ; ( = prix, trajet) fare• l'entreprise occupe la seconde place sur le marché des ordinateurs the company ranks second in the computer market• figurer en bonne place [personne] to be prominentf. ( = emploi) job ; [de domestique] position• dans les médias, les places sont chères there's a lot of competition for jobs in the mediai. (locutions)► à la place ( = en échange) instead► à la place de ( = au lieu de) instead of• à ma place, tu aurais accepté ? if you were me, would you have agreed?• être en place [plan] to be ready• en place pour la photo ! everybody take up your positions for the photograph!• (à consommer) sur place ou à emporter ? sit in or take away?* * *plas1) ( espace) room, space2) (emplacement, espace défini) gén place; ( pour s'asseoir) seatdeux places pour ‘Le Lac des Cygnes’ — two tickets for ‘Swan Lake’
place aux jeunes or à la jeunesse! — lit, fig make way for the young!
payer sa place — (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay for one's ticket; ( dans un train etc) to pay one's fare
les places sont chères — fig ( parking difficile) parking spaces are hard to find; ( âpre concurrence dans l'emploi) jobs are hard to come by
prenez place — ( sur un siège) take a seat; ( chacun à son siège) take your seats; ( chacun à son poste) take your places
sur place — [aller] to the scene; [arriver] on the scene; [étudier] on the spot; [enquête] on-the-spot
3) ( dans un classement) place; ( dans un ordre) position4) ( substitution)à la place de — instead of, in place of
5) ( situation définie)en place — [système, structures] in place (après n); [troupes] in position (après n); [dirigeant, parti] ruling (épith)
ne plus tenir en place — to be restless ou fidgety
mettre en place — to put [something] in place [programme]; to put [something] in position [équipe]; to establish, to set up [réseau, institution]; to install [ligne téléphonique]
6) ( dans une agglomération) square7) Finance market8) ( emploi) job9) ( forteresse)être maître de la place — lit to be in control; fig to rule the roost
avoir un pied dans la place — fig to have a foot in the door
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *plas nf1) [ville, village] square2) [train, cinéma, voiture] seatToutes les places ont été vendues. — All the seats have been sold.
Il n'a pas payé sa place. — He didn't pay for his ticket.
Il y a vingt places assises. — There are 20 seats.
Il y a 20 places debout. — There is standing room for 20.
une quatre places AUTOMOBILES — a four-seater
3) (= endroit où l'on est assis) seatla place d'honneur — the place of honour Grande-Bretagne the place of honor USA the seat of honour Grande-Bretagne the seat of honor USA
4) (= emplacement) placeune place pour chaque chose et chaque chose à sa place — a place for everything and everything in its place
5) (espace libre) room, spaceça prend de la place — it takes up a lot of room, it takes up a lot of space
faire de la place à — to make room for, to make space for
6) (place de stationnement) parking placeIl ne reste plus de place pour se garer. — There's nowhere left to park.
7) (dans un classement) placeVincent a eu la troisième place au concours. — Vincent got third place in the competition.
8) (= emploi) jobà la place de — instead of, in place of
Il ne reste plus de tarte; désirez-vous quelque chose d'autre à la place? — There's no tart left; would you like something else instead?
de place en place — here and there, in places
par places — here and there, in places
See:* * *place nf1 ( espace) room, space; avoir de la place to have room ou space (pour faire to do); il y a encore assez de place pour deux personnes/valises there's enough room ou space left for two people/suitcases; avoir la place de faire to have enough room ou space to do; prendre de la place to take up room ou space; (faire) perdre/gagner de la place to waste/to save space; faire de la place to make room ou space (à qn/qch for sb/sth; pour faire to do); se faire de la place to make room ou space for oneself; laisser de la place (pour une personne, un meuble) to leave enough room ou space; ( pour un écrit) to leave enough space; laisse-moi un peu de place pour leur écrire un mot leave me a bit of space to write them a few lines;2 (emplacement, espace défini) gén place; ( pour s'asseoir) seat; chaque chose à sa place everything in its place; il est resté une heure à la même place he stayed in the same place for an hour; remettre qch à sa place to put sth back in its place; les dictionnaires ne sont pas à la bonne/à leur place the dictionaries aren't in the right place/where they should be; j'ai deux places pour ‘Le Lac des Cygnes’ I've got two tickets for ‘Swan Lake’; il reste une place en première there's one seat left in first class; laisse ta place à la dame! give the lady your seat!; est-ce que cette place est libre? is this seat free?; une salle de 200 places a 200 seat auditorium; j'ai eu une place gratuite I got a free seat; garde-moi ma place ( dans une file) keep my place; (dans un train, au cinéma) keep my seat; garde-moi une place (dans le train, au cinéma) keep me a seat; payer sa place (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay for one's ticket; Transp to pay one's fare; payer place entière (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay full price; Transp to pay full fare; les places sont chères fig ( parking difficile) parking spaces are hard to find; ( âpre concurrence dans l'emploi) jobs are hard to come by; prenez place ( sur un siège) take a seat; ( chacun à son siège) take your seats; ( chacun à son poste) take your places; prendre place ( s'asseoir) to take a seat; ( s'installer) [exposant, stand] to set up; [tireur, policier] to position oneself; ( s'intégrer) to take one's place; roman qui a pris place parmi les plus grands novel that has taken its place among the greatest; sur place [aller, envoyer, se rendre] to the scene; [arriver] on the scene; [être, trouver, sautiller, étudier] on the spot; [enquête, recherche, tournage] on-the-spot ( épith); de place en place here and there; voiture de quatre places four-seater car; divan à trois places three-seater sofa; ⇒ chasse;3 ( emplacement pour se garer) parking place; appartement avec place de parking apartment with parking space; je n'ai pas trouvé de place pour or où me garer I couldn't find a parking space ou a place to park; un parking de 500 places a car park for 500 cars;4 (rang dans un classement, la société) place; ( position dans un ordre) position; prendre la place de qn to take sb's place; prendre or obtenir la deuxième place to take second place (à in); il est dans les premières/dernières places he's up toward(s) the top/down toward(s) the bottom; la place d'un mot dans une phrase the position of a word in a sentence; se faire une place dans le monde de la finance to carve out a place for oneself in the world of finance; être en bonne place pour gagner/réussir to be well-placed ou in a good position to win/succeed; il occupe une place éminente he holds a very high position (à, dans in); chacun (à) sa place everyone should know his place; il faut savoir rester à sa place you must know your place; il n'est pas à sa place dans cette réception he looks out of place at this reception; je ne me sens pas à ma place dans ce milieu I feel out of place in this environment; remettre qn à sa place to put sb in his/her place; quelle place faire à l'art? what place can be afforded to art?; avoir sa place dans to deserve a place in; il n'y a pas de place pour eux dans notre système there is no place for them in our system; avoir une place à part or de choix dans to have a special place in; tenir une grande place/une place très importante dans la vie de qn to play a large part/a very important part in sb's life; donner or consacrer or faire une large place à qch to put a lot of emphasis on sth; la place croissante de l'environnement en politique the growing emphasis on the environment in politics; notre travail laisse peu de place à l'imagination our work leaves little room for the imagination; faire place à to give way to; place aux jeunes or à la jeunesse! lit, fig make way for the young!;5 ( substitution) à la place de instead of, in place of; il a mis de la vodka à la place du cognac he's used vodka instead of brandy; il y a maintenant un comité à la place de l'ancien directeur there's now a committee in place of the former manager; ils sont partis/ont été récompensés à notre place they went/were rewarded instead of us; qu'aurais-tu fait à ma place? what would you have done in my place?; (si j'étais) à ta place if I were in your position ou shoes; mets-toi à leur place put yourself in their position ou shoes; téléphone-lui toi-même, je ne peux pas le faire à ta place! phone him yourself, I can't do it for you!; j'ai mis le vase à la place du cendrier I put the vase where the ashtray was; construire une école à la place de la gare ( où était la gare) to build a school where the station used to be; ( où était prévue la gare) to build a school where the station should have been; ( au lieu de) to build a school instead of a station;6 ( situation définie) en place [système, structures] in place ( après n); [troupes] in position ( après n); [dirigeant, pouvoir, régime, parti] ruling ( épith); les gens en place the powers that be; nos hommes sont en place our men are in position; ne plus tenir en place to be restless ou fidgety; les enfants ne tiennent plus en place the children keep fidgeting; mettre en place to put [sth] in place [grillage, programme, règlement, stratégie]; to put [sth] in ou into position [satellite, troupes, équipe]; to establish, to set up [réseau, marché, régime, institution]; to install [ligne téléphonique, canalisations]; se mettre en place [plan, politique, système, structure] to be put in place; [forces, troupes, police] ( être mis en position) to be put in ou into position; ( soi-même) to position oneself; [réseau, marché, régime] to be established, to be set up; mise en place (de grillage, système, normes, services) putting in place; (de satellite, forces, d'équipe) positioning; (de réseau, marché, régime, d'institution) establishment, setting up; (de ligne téléphonique, canalisation) installationGB; remettre en place to put [sth] back in place; on se retrouve sur place we'll meet up there; je suis sur place, je peux le faire I'm on the spot, I can do it; dépannage/inscriptions sur place on-the-spot repairs/registration; ouvrage à consulter sur place reference book; laisser qn sur place to leave sb standing;7 ( dans une agglomération) square; la place du village the village square; sur la place Tiananmen/Rouge in Tiananmen/Red Square; la place de la Concorde the Place de la Concorde; la place du marché the marketplace;8 Fin market; place financière financial market; sur la place parisienne or de Paris on the Paris market;9 ( emploi) job; avoir une bonne place chez to have a good job with; perdre sa place to lose one's job; c'est une place très recherchée or demandée it's a highly sought-after job ou position; il y a des places à prendre there are good job opportunities;10 ( forteresse) entrer dans la place to get in on the inside; être dans la place to be on the inside; être maître de la place lit to be in control; fig to rule the roost; se rendre maître de la place to take control; avoir un pied dans la place fig to have a foot in the door.place d'armes Mil parade ground; place assise seat; place forte Mil fortified town; place d'honneur ( à table) place ou seat of honourGB; la place publique the public; intéresser la place publique to interest the public; sur la place publique [célébrer, apprendre, entendre] in public; mettre or porter or étaler qch sur la place publique to bring sth out in the open [[information, projet].je ne lâcherais or donnerais pas ma place pour un empire I wouldn't change places for the world ou for all the tea in China; une place pour chaque chose et chaque chose à sa place Prov a place for everything and everything in its place.[plas] nom fémininfaire de la place to make room ou spaceil reste de la place pour quatre personnes there's enough space ou room left for four peoplea. [à table, au lit] don't take up so much roomb. [sur la page] don't use up all the spacelaisser la ou faire place à to make room ou way forla machine à écrire a fait place au traitement de texte wordprocessors have taken over from ou superseded typewritersce travail ne laisse aucune place à la créativité there's no place ou room for creativity in this kind of workla musique tient une grande place dans ma vie music is very important in ou is an important part of my lifeplace au sol [d'un ordinateur, d'une voiture] footprintb. (figuré) to clear up, to make a clean sweepchanger les meubles/la cuisinière de place to move the furniture around/the stovemets/remets les clefs à leur place put the keys/put the keys back where they belongest-ce que tout est à sa place? is everything in order ou in its proper place?[d'une personne]a. [sa position] to go back to one's placeb. [son rôle] to go back to where one belongsnotre collègue ne pourra pas reprendre sa place parmi nous our colleague is unable to resume his post with usremettre quelqu'un à sa place to put somebody in his/her placese faire une place au soleil to make a success of things, to find one's place in the sun3. [siège] seat[fauteuil au spectacle] seat[billet] ticketa. [sur l'estrade] to sit at the centre of the stageb. [à table] to sit at the top ou head of the tableréserver une place d'avion/de train to make a plane/train reservationça vous ennuierait de changer de place? would you mind swapping ou changing places?dans le monde du spectacle, les places sont chères it's difficult to gain a foothold in show business4. [dans un parking] (parking) spaceun parking de 1 000 places a car park with space for 1,000 cars5. [espace urbain] squareêtre ou partir en bonne place pour gagner to be (all) set to win8. BOURSEle dollar est à la hausse sur la place financière de New York the dollar has risen on the New York exchange9. MILITAIREplace (forte) fortress, strongholda. (sens propre) [ville assiégée] here we are, inside the walls (of the city)b. [endroit quelconque] here we are10. (Belgique) [pièce d'habitation] room————————à la place locution adverbialej'ai rapporté la jupe et j'ai pris un pantalon à la place I returned the skirt and exchanged it for a pair of trousers————————à la place de locution prépositionnelle1. [au lieu de] instead of2. [dans la situation de]à ma/sa place in my/his placeà ta place, j'irais if I were you I'd goje ne voudrais pas être à sa place rather him than me, I wouldn't like to be in his shoesde place en place locution adverbiale————————en place locution adjectivale[important] establishedles gens en place disent que... the powers that be say that...————————en place locution adverbiale1. [là] in positionest-ce que tout est en place? is everything in order ou in its proper place?2. (locution)c. [réseau] to set up (separable)ça va lui mettre/remettre les idées en place it'll give him a more realistic view of things/set him thinking straight againa. [il est turbulent] he can't keep stillb. [il est anxieux] he's nervousc. [il voyage beaucoup] he's always on the move————————par places locution adverbiale————————sur place locution adverbialela place Beauvau square in Paris (also refers to the Ministry of the Interior, whose offices are situated there)la place de la Concorde square in Paris (one of the biggest and busiest squares in Paris, laid out in the reign of Louis XV)la place du Colonel-Fabien square in Paris (also refers to the Communist party headquarters, which are situated there)la place de Grève former name of the Place de l'Hôtel de Ville in Paris. (The place where the unemployed gathered to wait for work, it was the origin of the expression "se mettre en grève")la place Rouge Red Squarela place Saint-Marc Saint Mark's Squarela place Tian'anmen Tiananmen Squarela place Vendôme square in Paris (the name evokes opulence and luxury because of the Ritz hotel and the jewellery shops situated on the square)la place des Vosges elegant and fashionable square in the Marais district of Paris, built under Henri IV -
15 Arbeitskräfte
Arbeitskräfte fpl 1. GEN, IND workforce; 2. PERS, ADMIN human resources, workforce, workers, staff; 3. WIWI (AE) labor force, (BE) labour force, workers • Arbeitskräfte abbauen PERS reduce the workforce, reduce staff, shed labour • Arbeitskräfte abwerben PERS poach, (AE) hire away, (BE) entice away • Arbeitskräfte einstellen PERS recruit labour, recruit workers, hire workers, hire labour, take on workers, take on new workers, take on employees • Arbeitskräfte freisetzen PERS shed labour • Arbeitskräfte verdrängen PERS, WIWI displace workers, (BE) displace labour, (AE) displace labor • Arbeitskräfte verleihen PERS hire out workers • mit Arbeitskräften ausstatten PERS staff, man* * *fpl 1. <Geschäft, Ind> workforce; 2. <Person, Verwalt> human resources, workforce, staff; 3. <Vw> labor force (AE), labour force (BE) ■ Arbeitskräfte abbauen < Person> reduce the workforce, reduce staff, shed labour ■ Arbeitskräfte abwerben < Person> poach, hire away (AE), entice away (BE) ■ Arbeitskräfte einstellen < Person> recruit labour, recruit workers, hire workers, hire labour, take on workers, take on new workers, take on employees ■ Arbeitskräfte freisetzen < Person> shed labour ■ Arbeitskräfte verdrängen <Person, Vw> displace workers, displace labour (BE), displace labor (AE) ■ Arbeitskräfte verleihen < Person> hire out workers* * *Arbeitskräfte
workmen, labo(u)r [force], [labo(u)ring] force, manpower, body of workers;
• knapp an Arbeitskräften short of hands, shorthanded;
• mit ungenügenden Arbeitskräften versehen underhanded;
• angelernte Arbeitskräfte semi-skilled labo(u)r;
• ausgebildete Arbeitskräfte skilled manpower;
• ausländische Arbeitskräfte foreign labo(u)r;
• für den Rohbau benötigte Arbeitskräfte infraconstruction workers;
• am Streik nicht beteiligte Arbeitskräfte strike-free labo(u)r;
• bezahlte Arbeitskräfte paid labo(u)r;
• billige Arbeitskräfte cheap labo(u)r;
• dienstverpflichtete Arbeitskräfte drafted (conscript) labo(u)r;
• im Ausland einsatzfähige Arbeitskräfte exportable manpower;
• familieneigene Arbeitskräfte family-employed workers;
• farbige Arbeitskräfte colo(u)red labo(u)r;
• fehlende Arbeitskräfte manpower shortage;
• freigesetzte Arbeitskräfte workers released;
• gelernte Arbeitskräfte skilled labo(u)r;
• geschulte Arbeitskräfte qualified labo(u)r;
• knappe Arbeitskräfte shortage of labo(u)r, manpower shortage;
• kostbare Arbeitskräfte fringe executives;
• landwirtschaftliche Arbeitskräfte peasant (farm) labo(u)r, rural manpower;
• gewerkschaftlich organisierte Arbeitskräfte union labo(u)r;
• gewerkschaftlich nicht organisierte Arbeitskräfte unorganized labo(u)r;
• qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte skilled workers;
• hoch qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte highly qualified workers;
• höher qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte better-quality labo(u)r supply;
• ständige Arbeitskräfte permanent labo(u)r;
• im öffentlichen Bereich tätige Arbeitskräfte public-sector manpower;
• nicht in der Landwirtschaft tätige Arbeitskräfte non-agricultural working force;
• überschüssige Arbeitskräfte surplus manpower (labo(u)r);
• am Streik unbeteiligte Arbeitskräfte strike-free labo(u)r;
• ungelernte Arbeitskräfte untrained (Br.) (unskilled) labo(u)r, unskilled manpower;
• unrentable Arbeitskräfte marginal labo(u)r;
• verfügbare Arbeitskräfte supply of labo(u)r, labo(u)r supply, manpower available;
• weibliche Arbeitskräfte female labo(u)r;
• weiße Arbeitskräfte white labo(u)r;
• zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte additional employees;
• zwangsverpflichtete Arbeitskräfte conscript (indentured) labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfte abbauen to reduce the labo(u)r force;
• Arbeitskräfte von einem Konkurrenzbetrieb abwerben to raid rival organizations;
• Arbeitskräfte abziehen to call off workers;
• Arbeitskräfte ausbeuten to sweat labo(u)r;
• seine Arbeitskräfte übermäßig ausnutzen to drive one’s workmen too hard;
• Arbeitskräfte beaufsichtigen to direct the workmen;
• Arbeitskräfte einsetzen to direct (deploy) labo(u)r;
• ausländische Arbeitskräfte einsetzen to immigrate foreign labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfte einsparen to save labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfte einstellen to enrol(l) workers, to hire labor (US), to recruit manpower;
• zuerst früher entlassene Arbeitskräfte wieder einstellen to first reinstate redundant workers;
• zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte einstellen to take on extra workers;
• unnötige Arbeitskräfte einstellen to featherbed;
• zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte einstellen to take on extra workers;
• effektiv nicht mehr benötigte Arbeitskräfte entlassen to clean out the deadwood;
• menschliche Arbeitskräfte ersetzen to displace human labo(u)r by machinery;
• Arbeitskräfte freisetzen to release surplus labo(u)r;
• überschüssige Arbeitskräfte freisetzen to shed surplus labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfte aus einem anderen Bezirk heranziehen to import labo(u)r from another district;
• Arbeitskräfte in Anspruch nehmen to make a call on manpower;
• Arbeitskräfte sparen to save labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfte umdisponieren (umgruppieren) to redeploy the labo(u)r force;
• Arbeitskräfte umsetzen to transfer employees, to dislocate workers;
• über zu viel Arbeitskräfte verfügen to have a superfluity of hands;
• über bedenklich wenig Arbeitskräfte verfügen to be critically short of labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfte zum Berufswechsel verführen to lure labo(u)r into other jobs;
• Arbeitskräfte direkt von der Universität wegengagieren to recruit labor on campus (US);
• Arbeitskräfte zuweisen to allocate labo(u)r (manpower);
• Arbeitskräfteabbau cutback on manpower, laying-off of workers, job cut[back], manpower reduction, cut of labor (US) (labour, Br.) forces;
• Arbeitskräfteabwanderung migration of employees;
• Arbeitskräfteabwerbung labor piracy (US);
• Arbeitskräfteanalyse worker analysis;
• Arbeitskräfteangebot labo(u)r supply;
• Arbeitskräfteanwerber industry recruiter (US);
• Arbeitskräfteanwerbung recruitment of labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräftebedarf demand for labo(u)r, manpower need, direct-labo(u)r budget, manpower (labo(u)r) requirements, labo(u)r demand;
• Arbeitskräftebedarfsansatz manpower [forecasting] approach;
• Arbeitskräftebeschaffungsstelle recruiting firm (US);
• Arbeitskräfteeinsatz employment of labo(u)r, manpower planning (management);
• Arbeitskräfteeinsatz lediglich im Zuliefererverhältnis labo(u)r-only subcontracting;
• Arbeitskräfteeinsparung saving on manpower;
• Arbeitskräfteengpass manpower bottleneck;
• Arbeitskräfteersatz labo(u)r displacement;
• Arbeitskräfteersparnis labo(u)r saver (saving);
• Arbeitskräftefront manpower front;
• Arbeitskräftemangel shortage (scarcity) of labo(u)r, manpower (labo(u)r) shortage;
• Arbeitskräftematerial human resources;
• Arbeitskräftemobilität spatial mobility of labo(u)r, labo(u)r mobility;
• berufsbedingte Arbeitskräftemobilität occupational mobility of workers;
• Arbeitskräfteplanung employment (manpower) scheduling;
• Arbeitskräftepotenzial human resources, working potential, potential labo(u)r force;
• Arbeitskräfte reserve, Arbeitskräftereservoir reserve of labo(u)r, manpower reserve, recruitment sources (US), total possible labo(u)r force;
• Arbeitskräfterückgang worker decline;
• Arbeitskräftestatistik labo(u)r force statistics;
• Arbeitskräfte überfluss, Arbeitskräfteüberschuss excess labo(u)r supply, redundant labo(u)r, manpower surplus, abundance of labo(u)r supply;
• Arbeitskräftevermittlung procurement of labo(u)r;
• Arbeitskräfteverteilung diversion of manpower, allocation of labo(u)r (manpower);
• Arbeitskräftevorschau labo(u)r outlook;
• Arbeitskräftezuwachs entrants to the workforce.
anwerben, Arbeitskräfte
to enlist (recruit) labo(u)r;
• sich anwerben lassen to sign on, to go for a soldier, to enlist.
importieren, Arbeitskräfte
aus anderen Bezirken to import labo(u)r from another district;
• im Rahmen einer Lizenz importieren to import under a license.
schinden, Arbeitskräfte
to sweat (grind, exploit) workers;
• Eintrittsgeld schinden to dodge (duck, US) paying the entrance fee. -
16 prze|jść
pf — prze|chodzić1 impf (przejdę, przejdziesz, przejdzie, przeszedł, przeszła, przeszli — przechodzę) Ⅰ vt 1. (doświadczyć, przeżyć) to experience, to go through- wiele przeszli podczas wojny they had gone through a lot during the war- przejść twardą szkołę (życia) to grow up in a hard school, to go through the mill- w zeszłym roku przeszła ciężką grypę last year she suffered from a bad case of (the) flu- wiele przeszła she’s gone a. been through a lot2. pot. (zostać poddanym badaniom) to pass- mój samochód przeszedł pomyślnie wszystkie testy my car has passed all its roadworthiness tests- wszystkie urządzenia przeszły właśnie generalny remont all equipment has just been overhauled3. przest. (przestudiować, przerobić) to study- powtarzała z dziećmi to, co przeszły w zeszłym roku w szkole she revised with the children what they learned last year at schoolⅡ vi 1. (przebyć odległość, przemieścić się) w ciągu dnia przeszli piętnaście kilometrów during the day they covered fifteen kilometres- przejdźmy do mojego biura let’s go to my office- przeszedł pieszo przez całe miasto he went around the whole town on foot2. pot. (przesunąć się) to pass- właśnie przeszedł tędy pociąg the train has just passed this way- czy nikt tędy nie przechodził? has anybody passed this way?- burza przeszła bokiem the storm passed us/them by- zaraza przeszła przez cały kraj the plague swept through the entire country3. (idąc minąć) to pass by, to miss [dom, ulicę]- przeszła obok i nie zauważyła go wcale she passed by and didn’t notice him4. (przedostać się na drugą stronę) przejść przez coś to get across [jezdnię, most]; to get over [płot, mur]; to get through [bramę, punkt kontrolny]- pomógł jej przejść przez ulicę he helped her across the street- przejdź po pasach! take the zebra crossing!- przejście wzbronione no trespassing5. przen. (przeniknąć) to go through, to come through- igła nie chciała przejść przez gruby materiał the needle wouldn’t go through the thick fabric- światło nie przechodziło przez brudne szyby the light didn’t filter through the dirty windows- kula przeszła przez płuco the bullet went through the lung6. pot. (przeciąć) (o liniach, szlakach, drogach) to go through, to run through- autostrada ma przejść na wschód od miasta/przez środek wsi the motorway is to run east of the town/through the middle of the village- przez rzekę przechodzi granica the frontier a. border runs across the river7. (spełnić warunki) (o rywalizacji) to pass, to qualify- drużyna przeszła do półfinału the team made it a. got through to the semi-finals- przeszliśmy pomyślnie eliminacje we got through the qualifying round- nie przeszedł do drugiej tury wyborów he didn’t make it to the second round of the election, he lost in the first round of the election8. przen. (zostać przyjętym) (o projekcie, kandydaturze) to ge through, to go through- wniosek przeszedł 150 głosami przeciw 96 the motion was carried by 150 votes to 96- budżet przeszedł większością głosów the budget was approved by a majority vote- ustawa nie przeszła the bill was rejected, the law failed to get through- nie myśl, że przejdą takie numery! pot. don’t think you’re going to get away with this!9. (minąć) to go (over), to pass- ból powoli przechodził the pain was slowly going away- ból przeszedł po godzinie the pain eased off after an hour- terminy realizacji zobowiązań dawno przeszły the deadlines have all been missed- zima nareszcie przeszła the winter’s gone at last- poczekam, aż burza przejdzie I’ll wait until the storm subsides a. the storm’s over10. pot. (zacząć robić coś nowego) przejść do cywila to leave the armed forces- przejść na nowe stanowisko to take a new post- przejść do rezerwy to be transferred to the reserve, to pass to the reserve- przejść na dietę to go on a diet- przejść do innego tematu to change the subject- w tym roku przechodzę na wcześniejszą emeryturę I’m taking early retirement this year- przeszedł z partii konserwatywnej do partii liberalnej he went over to the conservative party from the liberals- przejść na inną wiarę to change one’s faith- przejść na katolicyzm/Islam to convert to Catholicism/Islam- przejść do wyższej/następnej klasy to get through to the next year- uczy się dobrze, przechodzi z klasy do klasy he’s a good pupil and never has to repeat a year11. przen. (przekształcić się) to turn, to evolve (w coś into sth)- przejść od wzniosłości do śmieszności to go from the sublime to the ridiculous- szarpanina przeszła w bójkę a punch-up turned into a major fight a. incident- energia chemiczna przechodzi w elektryczną chemical energy is converted into electrical energy- jesień przeszła w zimę the autumn turned a. wore into winter12. (przesiąknąć) to become permeated- nasze ubrania przeszły wilgocią our clothes were permeated with damp- cały dom przeszedł zapachem smażonej ryby the aroma of fried fish spread through a. permeated the entire houseⅢ przejść się pot. to take a walk (po czymś around a. about sth)- przeszedł się po parku he walked around the park- przejdę się trochę przed obiadem I’ll have a little walk before lunch- przejdę się do niej po obiedzie I’ll walk over to her after lunch■ przejść do historii/do potomności książk. to go down in history a. to posterity- przejdzie do historii jako wielki mąż stanu he will go down in history as a great statesman- przejść do tematu to get down to the subject- przejść na „ty” pot. to start to address each other by first names- przejść z kimś na „ty” to call sb by a. move onto first name terms, to start to call sb by his/her first name- w biurze wszyscy przeszli na „ty” in the office everybody is on first name terms- przejść suchą nogą pot. to cross without getting one’s feet wet- przejść w czyjeś ręce to pass into sb’s hands- przejść na angielski/niemiecki pot. to switch to English/German- przechodzenie z francuskiego na hiszpański sprawia mi trudność I can’t switch from French to Spanish easily- przejść nad czymś do porządku dziennego to come to terms with sth- ani przez myśl/głowę mi/jej nie przeszło it didn’t even occur to me/her- ani przez głowę mi nie przeszło, żeby cię posądzić o coś takiego it didn’t even occur to me to suspect you of something like that- to przechodzi ludzkie pojęcie a. wszelkie pojęcie a. ludzkie wyobrażenie a. wszelkie wyobrażenie that beats everything!; that takes the cake a. biscuit! pot., pejor.- jego skąpstwo/ich zuchwalstwo przechodzi ludzkie pojęcie his miserliness a. stinginess/their impudence is indescribable- przejść bez echa to pass unnoticed- przejść przez czyjeś ręce pot. to pass through sb’s hands- ta sprawa musi przejść przez ręce burmistrza this matter has to be endorsed by the mayor- ta decyzja musi jeszcze przejść przez zarząd pot. the decision must still be endorsed by the board- przejść (czyjeś) najśmielsze oczekiwania to exceed one’s wildest expectations- przejść samego siebie to surpass oneself- słowa nie chciały mu/jej przejść a. przechodziły mu/jej z trudem przez gardło pot. he/she was lost for words a. at a loss for words, he/she was unable to get a word out- słowa przeprosin z trudem przechodziły mu przez gardło the apology stuck in his throat, he found it very difficult to say sorry- ze wzruszenia słowa nie chciały przejść jej przez gardło she was so moved that she found herself tongue-tied a. that she was unable to get a word out- dreszcze/ciarki przeszły po nim/niej shivers ran down his/her spine- strach przeszedł po nim he suddenly shivered with fear- na jego widok ciarki przeszły jej po plecach he gave her the horrors, at the sight of him she felt prickles down her spine- ciarki po mnie przechodzą, gdy o tym pomyślę it gives me the shivers when I think of itThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > prze|jść
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17 placé
place [plas]feminine nouna. ( = esplanade) square• places assises 20, places debout 40 seating capacity 20, standing passengers 40c. ( = espace) room ; ( = emplacement réservé) space• place aux jeunes ! make way for the younger generation!d. ( = billet) seat ; ( = prix, trajet) fare• l'entreprise occupe la seconde place sur le marché des ordinateurs the company ranks second in the computer market• figurer en bonne place [personne] to be prominentf. ( = emploi) job ; [de domestique] position• dans les médias, les places sont chères there's a lot of competition for jobs in the mediai. (locutions)► à la place ( = en échange) instead► à la place de ( = au lieu de) instead of• à ma place, tu aurais accepté ? if you were me, would you have agreed?• être en place [plan] to be ready• en place pour la photo ! everybody take up your positions for the photograph!• (à consommer) sur place ou à emporter ? sit in or take away?* * *plas1) ( espace) room, space2) (emplacement, espace défini) gén place; ( pour s'asseoir) seatdeux places pour ‘Le Lac des Cygnes’ — two tickets for ‘Swan Lake’
place aux jeunes or à la jeunesse! — lit, fig make way for the young!
payer sa place — (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay for one's ticket; ( dans un train etc) to pay one's fare
les places sont chères — fig ( parking difficile) parking spaces are hard to find; ( âpre concurrence dans l'emploi) jobs are hard to come by
prenez place — ( sur un siège) take a seat; ( chacun à son siège) take your seats; ( chacun à son poste) take your places
sur place — [aller] to the scene; [arriver] on the scene; [étudier] on the spot; [enquête] on-the-spot
3) ( dans un classement) place; ( dans un ordre) position4) ( substitution)à la place de — instead of, in place of
5) ( situation définie)en place — [système, structures] in place (après n); [troupes] in position (après n); [dirigeant, parti] ruling (épith)
ne plus tenir en place — to be restless ou fidgety
mettre en place — to put [something] in place [programme]; to put [something] in position [équipe]; to establish, to set up [réseau, institution]; to install [ligne téléphonique]
6) ( dans une agglomération) square7) Finance market8) ( emploi) job9) ( forteresse)être maître de la place — lit to be in control; fig to rule the roost
avoir un pied dans la place — fig to have a foot in the door
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *plas nf1) [ville, village] square2) [train, cinéma, voiture] seatToutes les places ont été vendues. — All the seats have been sold.
Il n'a pas payé sa place. — He didn't pay for his ticket.
Il y a vingt places assises. — There are 20 seats.
Il y a 20 places debout. — There is standing room for 20.
une quatre places AUTOMOBILES — a four-seater
3) (= endroit où l'on est assis) seatla place d'honneur — the place of honour Grande-Bretagne the place of honor USA the seat of honour Grande-Bretagne the seat of honor USA
4) (= emplacement) placeune place pour chaque chose et chaque chose à sa place — a place for everything and everything in its place
5) (espace libre) room, spaceça prend de la place — it takes up a lot of room, it takes up a lot of space
faire de la place à — to make room for, to make space for
6) (place de stationnement) parking placeIl ne reste plus de place pour se garer. — There's nowhere left to park.
7) (dans un classement) placeVincent a eu la troisième place au concours. — Vincent got third place in the competition.
8) (= emploi) jobà la place de — instead of, in place of
Il ne reste plus de tarte; désirez-vous quelque chose d'autre à la place? — There's no tart left; would you like something else instead?
de place en place — here and there, in places
par places — here and there, in places
See:* * *place nf1 ( espace) room, space; avoir de la place to have room ou space (pour faire to do); il y a encore assez de place pour deux personnes/valises there's enough room ou space left for two people/suitcases; avoir la place de faire to have enough room ou space to do; prendre de la place to take up room ou space; (faire) perdre/gagner de la place to waste/to save space; faire de la place to make room ou space (à qn/qch for sb/sth; pour faire to do); se faire de la place to make room ou space for oneself; laisser de la place (pour une personne, un meuble) to leave enough room ou space; ( pour un écrit) to leave enough space; laisse-moi un peu de place pour leur écrire un mot leave me a bit of space to write them a few lines;2 (emplacement, espace défini) gén place; ( pour s'asseoir) seat; chaque chose à sa place everything in its place; il est resté une heure à la même place he stayed in the same place for an hour; remettre qch à sa place to put sth back in its place; les dictionnaires ne sont pas à la bonne/à leur place the dictionaries aren't in the right place/where they should be; j'ai deux places pour ‘Le Lac des Cygnes’ I've got two tickets for ‘Swan Lake’; il reste une place en première there's one seat left in first class; laisse ta place à la dame! give the lady your seat!; est-ce que cette place est libre? is this seat free?; une salle de 200 places a 200 seat auditorium; j'ai eu une place gratuite I got a free seat; garde-moi ma place ( dans une file) keep my place; (dans un train, au cinéma) keep my seat; garde-moi une place (dans le train, au cinéma) keep me a seat; payer sa place (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay for one's ticket; Transp to pay one's fare; payer place entière (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay full price; Transp to pay full fare; les places sont chères fig ( parking difficile) parking spaces are hard to find; ( âpre concurrence dans l'emploi) jobs are hard to come by; prenez place ( sur un siège) take a seat; ( chacun à son siège) take your seats; ( chacun à son poste) take your places; prendre place ( s'asseoir) to take a seat; ( s'installer) [exposant, stand] to set up; [tireur, policier] to position oneself; ( s'intégrer) to take one's place; roman qui a pris place parmi les plus grands novel that has taken its place among the greatest; sur place [aller, envoyer, se rendre] to the scene; [arriver] on the scene; [être, trouver, sautiller, étudier] on the spot; [enquête, recherche, tournage] on-the-spot ( épith); de place en place here and there; voiture de quatre places four-seater car; divan à trois places three-seater sofa; ⇒ chasse;3 ( emplacement pour se garer) parking place; appartement avec place de parking apartment with parking space; je n'ai pas trouvé de place pour or où me garer I couldn't find a parking space ou a place to park; un parking de 500 places a car park for 500 cars;4 (rang dans un classement, la société) place; ( position dans un ordre) position; prendre la place de qn to take sb's place; prendre or obtenir la deuxième place to take second place (à in); il est dans les premières/dernières places he's up toward(s) the top/down toward(s) the bottom; la place d'un mot dans une phrase the position of a word in a sentence; se faire une place dans le monde de la finance to carve out a place for oneself in the world of finance; être en bonne place pour gagner/réussir to be well-placed ou in a good position to win/succeed; il occupe une place éminente he holds a very high position (à, dans in); chacun (à) sa place everyone should know his place; il faut savoir rester à sa place you must know your place; il n'est pas à sa place dans cette réception he looks out of place at this reception; je ne me sens pas à ma place dans ce milieu I feel out of place in this environment; remettre qn à sa place to put sb in his/her place; quelle place faire à l'art? what place can be afforded to art?; avoir sa place dans to deserve a place in; il n'y a pas de place pour eux dans notre système there is no place for them in our system; avoir une place à part or de choix dans to have a special place in; tenir une grande place/une place très importante dans la vie de qn to play a large part/a very important part in sb's life; donner or consacrer or faire une large place à qch to put a lot of emphasis on sth; la place croissante de l'environnement en politique the growing emphasis on the environment in politics; notre travail laisse peu de place à l'imagination our work leaves little room for the imagination; faire place à to give way to; place aux jeunes or à la jeunesse! lit, fig make way for the young!;5 ( substitution) à la place de instead of, in place of; il a mis de la vodka à la place du cognac he's used vodka instead of brandy; il y a maintenant un comité à la place de l'ancien directeur there's now a committee in place of the former manager; ils sont partis/ont été récompensés à notre place they went/were rewarded instead of us; qu'aurais-tu fait à ma place? what would you have done in my place?; (si j'étais) à ta place if I were in your position ou shoes; mets-toi à leur place put yourself in their position ou shoes; téléphone-lui toi-même, je ne peux pas le faire à ta place! phone him yourself, I can't do it for you!; j'ai mis le vase à la place du cendrier I put the vase where the ashtray was; construire une école à la place de la gare ( où était la gare) to build a school where the station used to be; ( où était prévue la gare) to build a school where the station should have been; ( au lieu de) to build a school instead of a station;6 ( situation définie) en place [système, structures] in place ( après n); [troupes] in position ( après n); [dirigeant, pouvoir, régime, parti] ruling ( épith); les gens en place the powers that be; nos hommes sont en place our men are in position; ne plus tenir en place to be restless ou fidgety; les enfants ne tiennent plus en place the children keep fidgeting; mettre en place to put [sth] in place [grillage, programme, règlement, stratégie]; to put [sth] in ou into position [satellite, troupes, équipe]; to establish, to set up [réseau, marché, régime, institution]; to install [ligne téléphonique, canalisations]; se mettre en place [plan, politique, système, structure] to be put in place; [forces, troupes, police] ( être mis en position) to be put in ou into position; ( soi-même) to position oneself; [réseau, marché, régime] to be established, to be set up; mise en place (de grillage, système, normes, services) putting in place; (de satellite, forces, d'équipe) positioning; (de réseau, marché, régime, d'institution) establishment, setting up; (de ligne téléphonique, canalisation) installationGB; remettre en place to put [sth] back in place; on se retrouve sur place we'll meet up there; je suis sur place, je peux le faire I'm on the spot, I can do it; dépannage/inscriptions sur place on-the-spot repairs/registration; ouvrage à consulter sur place reference book; laisser qn sur place to leave sb standing;7 ( dans une agglomération) square; la place du village the village square; sur la place Tiananmen/Rouge in Tiananmen/Red Square; la place de la Concorde the Place de la Concorde; la place du marché the marketplace;8 Fin market; place financière financial market; sur la place parisienne or de Paris on the Paris market;9 ( emploi) job; avoir une bonne place chez to have a good job with; perdre sa place to lose one's job; c'est une place très recherchée or demandée it's a highly sought-after job ou position; il y a des places à prendre there are good job opportunities;10 ( forteresse) entrer dans la place to get in on the inside; être dans la place to be on the inside; être maître de la place lit to be in control; fig to rule the roost; se rendre maître de la place to take control; avoir un pied dans la place fig to have a foot in the door.place d'armes Mil parade ground; place assise seat; place forte Mil fortified town; place d'honneur ( à table) place ou seat of honourGB; la place publique the public; intéresser la place publique to interest the public; sur la place publique [célébrer, apprendre, entendre] in public; mettre or porter or étaler qch sur la place publique to bring sth out in the open [[information, projet].je ne lâcherais or donnerais pas ma place pour un empire I wouldn't change places for the world ou for all the tea in China; une place pour chaque chose et chaque chose à sa place Prov a place for everything and everything in its place.1. [aux courses]2. [situé]a. [magasin, appartement] well-situatedb. [fermeture, bouton, couture] well-positioneda. [magasin, appartement] badly-locatedb. [fermeture, bouton, couture] poorly-positionedc. [coup] below the beltd. [abcès] in an awkward spotf. [orgueil] misplacedon était très bien/mal placés [au spectacle] we had really good/bad seats3. [socialement]haut placé well up ou high up in the hierarchy -
18 коэффициент
coefficient (coeff.), factor
безразмерное число, в основном отношение к-п. величин, характеризующих заданные условия. — а number indicating the amount of some change under certain specified сoпditions, often expressed as a ratio.
- безопасности — factor of safety
число, равное отношению расчетной нагрузки к эксплуатационной. расчетная нагрузка - произведение эксплуатационной нагрузки на коэффициент безопасности. — а number indicating the ratio between the ultimate load and limit load (maximum load expected in service). ultimate load is limit load multiplied by factor of safety.
- восстановления давления — pressure recovery factor
- двухконтурности (дтрд) — bypass ratio
- загрузки пассажирами, безубыточный — passenger break-even load factor
- запаса длины впп — field length factor
- запаса длины летной полосы — field length factor
- запаса длины летной полосы в направлении взлета — takeoff field length factor
- запаса длины летной полосы в направлении посадки — landing field length factor
- запаса длины летной полосы при всех работающих двигателей — field length factor for all-engines-operating сase
- запаса длины летной полосы при одном отказавшем двигателе — field length factor for one-engine-inoperative ease
- запаса прочности — reserve factor
отношение фактической прочности конструкции к минимально-потребной в данных условиях. — а ratio of the actual strength of the structure to the minimum required to specific condition.
- заполнения (в вычислительном уст-ве) — duty factor in computer, the ratio of active time to total time.
- заполнения (воздушного) винта — propeller solidity ratio
отношение суммарной площади всех лопастей винта к сметаемой ими площади. — the ratio of the total projected blade area to the area of the projected outline of the propeller disc.
- заполнения несущего винта (вертолета) — rotor solidity ratio solidity of rotor is a ratio of the total blade area to the disc area.
- лобового сопротивления (сх) — drag coefficient (cd)
коэффициент, характеризующий лобовое сопротивление рассматриваемого аэродинамического профиля. — а coefficient representing the drag on а given airfoil.
- маневренной перегрузки — maneuvering load factor
- момента крена — rolling-moment coefficient
- момента рыскания — yawing-moment coefficient
- момента тангажа — pitching-moment coefficient
- мощности — power factor
- мощности (воздушного винта) — activity factor
- мощности лопасти (возд. винта) — blade activity factor
безразмерная функция поверхности лопасти, характеризующая способность лопасти использовать прикладываемую мощность. — а non-dimensional function of the blade surface used to express capacity of a blade for absorbing power.
- несущей поверхности (покрытия аэродрома), калифорнийский — californian bearing ratio (с.в.r.)
-, относительный (воздушного винта) — figure of merit
- перегрузки (n) — load factor (n)
число, показывающее, во сколько раз нагрузки, действующие на самолет (или его отдельные части), превышает нагрузки в равномерном горизонтальном полете или нагрузки от веса при стоянке. — the ratio to the weight of an aircraft of а specified exterпаl load. such load may arise from aerodynamic forces, gravity, ground or water reaction, or from combinations of these forces.
- перегрузки, максимальный эксплуатационный — limit load factor
- перегрузки, (полетный) — flight load factor
отношение составляющей аэродинамической нагрузки (действующей перпендикулярно продольной оси ла) к весу ла. — the ratio of the aerodynamic force component (acting normal to the assumed longitudiпа1 axis of the airplane) to the weight of the airplane.
- перегрузки (полетной), отрицательный — negative load factor
- перегрузки (полетной), положительный — positive load factor
в данном случае аэродинамичеекая сила воздействует на ла снизу вверх. — in positive load factor the aerodynamic force acts upward with respect to the airplane.
- перегрузки при маневре — maneuvering load factor
- перегрузки при маневре, максимальный эксплуатационный — limit maneuvering load factor
- перегрузки, расчетный — ultimate load factor
- передачи (коэффициент передаточного числа в системе управления ла) — gain
- подъемной силы (су) безразмерная величина, определяемая по формуле. — lift coefficient (cl) а coefficient representing the lift of а given airfoil or other body. the lift coefficient is obtained ьу dividing the lift by the free-stream dynamic pressure and by the representative area under consideration.
- полезного действия (кпд) — efficiency (n)
the ratio of the useful output of the quantity to its total input.
- полезного действия, общий — overall efficiency
- полезного действия,тепловой — thermal efficiency
-, поправочный — correction factor
например, для учета влияния погодных (сезонных) условий (температура наружного воздуха, атмосферные осадки, обледенение) на характеристики тормозного участка впп в пределах установленных эксплуатационных ограничений. — the correction factors must account for the particular surface characteristics of the stopway and the variations in these characteristics with seasonal weather conditions (such as temperature, rain, snow, and ice) within the established operational limits.
- предельной перегрузки — ultimate load factor
- преобразования (в преобразователе) — conversion efficiency ratio of dc output power to ас input power.
- профильного сопротивления — profile drag coefficient
- прочности грунта, калифорнийский — californian bearing ratio (c.b.r.)
(к. несущей способности покрытия аэродрома, впп) — c.b.r. is used to measure subsoil strength of the runways and airfields.
- связи (эл.) — coupling coefficient
- сжимаемости — coefficient of compressibility
относительное уменьшение объема газа при повышении давления в изотермическом процессе. — the relative decrease of the volume of а gaseous system with increasing pressure in an isothermal process.
- совершенства (воздушного винта) — figure of merit
- сопротивления (лобовой, сx) — drag coefficient (cd)
- сопротивления (сx) груза на внешней подвеске (вертолета) — drag coefficient (cd) representing а drag caused by an externally-slung load
- стоячей волны — standing wave ratio (swr)
- схождения карты — chart convergence factor (ccf)
- сцепления (между шиной колеса и поверхностью впп) — coefficient of friction
-, сцепления (между шиной и впп при торможении) — braking coefficient of friction
- трансформации (в трансформаторе) — transformation ratio compensation windings are used to correct for variations in the resolvers transformation ratio.
- трения — coefficient of friction
- трения торможения — braking coefficient of friction
коэффициент трения между шиной и поверхностью взлетно-посадочной полосы при торможении самолета. — braking coefficient of friction between the aircraft wheel tires and runway (surface).
- трения торможения, осредненный приведенный — (mean) corrected braking coefficient of friction
- тяги (воздушного винта) — thrust coefficient (ст)
- усиления (эл.) — amplification factor
the ratio of output magnitude to input magnitude.
- усиления антенны — antenna gain
- усиления (передаточное число в системе управления) — gain
- усиления, самонастраивающийся (системы управления) — adaptive gain
- утечки — leakage factor
- шарнирного момента — hinge moment factor
- шарнирного момента от порыва ветра на земле, предельный — limit hinge moment factor (к) for ground gusts
в отношении элеронов и рулей высоты, коэффициент имеет положительный знак, если момент, воздействующий на поверхность управления, вызывает ее опускание. — for ailerons and elevators, а positive value of к indicates а moment tending to depress the surface, and а negative value of к - to raise the surface.
- шума — noise factor
для данной полосы частот, отношение суммарной величины помех на выходе к величине помехи на входе. — for а given bandwidth, the ratio оf total noise at the output, to the noise at the input.
- эксплуатационной маневренной перегрузки (максимальный), или эксплуатационной перегрузки при маневрировании (отрицательный или попожительный) — (negative, positive) limit maneuvering load factor rotorcraft must be designed for positive limit maneuvering load factor of 3.5 and negafive limit maneuvering load factor of 1.0.Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > коэффициент
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19 subsidium
subsidium ī, n [sub+SED-].—In order of battle, the troops in reserve, line of reserve, third line of battle, triarii: subsidia et secundam aciem adortus, L.: fugere inter subsidia, L.: in subsidiis pugnacissimas locare gentes, Cu.— A body of reserve, auxiliary corps, auxiliary forces: neque ullum esse subsidium, quod submitti posset, Cs.: post eas ceterum exercitum in subsidiis locat, stationed as a reserve, S.— Aid, help, relief, succor, assistance, reinforcement: cum alius alii subsidium ferrent, Cs.: Italiae subsidio proficisci, Cs.: subsidio venire.— Support, assistance, aid, help, protection: Milo, subsidium adflictae rei p.: subsidium bellissimum existimo senectuti otium: aurum ad subsidium fortunae relictum, L.: industriae subsidia: his ego subsidiis ea sum consecutus: ad omnīs casūs subsidia comparare, make provision. — A place of refuge, asylum, retreat: vix modicis navigiis pauca subsidia, Ta.: fidissimum ad subsidium perfugere, Ta.* * *help, relief; reinforcement -
20 pričuva
f reserve; additional stock/supply/ /amount/resources; mil reserve forces, the Reserve(s)* * *• provision• pool• reserves• reserve
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